This is an example of a. self-affimation b. social learning theory C. operant conditioning assortative mating o boon- 13. phobias, panic disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Please select the correct language below. She assumes that the students will stare at her and comment on her hair color. Barbara was really shocked when her candidate was not elected. B. small, non-competitive university C. everyday hassles Zimbardo's study shows that even emotionally stable, normal young educated people are vulnerable to the power of the situation roles (police, prison guard). mate, we observe the false consensus effect. Suls and Wan (1987) extend the motivational account and propose that false uniqueness can contribute to one's self esteem The covariation principle was proposed by Harold Kelley. D. learned helplessness, Which statement about predicting your own behaviors or relationships is TRUE? B. A. narcissists have higher IQs Both are a direct request. C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual. ", Dr. Canne wants to encourage Kirk to lose weight. A. depression C. possible self Psychologists have often attributed the false-consensus effect to a desire to view one's thoughts as appropriate, normal, and correct, and a plethora of experimental evidence has supported the phenomenon. is the tendency to underestimate the extent others actually possess the same attributes or talents and positive traits as yourself. 1 / 36. A. effort and fewer self-doubts will help us succeed Self-serving bias refers to a tendency to attribute one's successes to personal characteristics, and one's failures to factors beyond one's control. A. individualists; collectivists How does the "door-in-the-face" compliance technique work? B. experience great difficulty. Letha has just met her first Mormon missionary. According to research on the actor-observer effect, people have a tendency to make relatively more __________ for their own behaviors but relatively more __________ for others' behaviors. C. possible self C. self-esteem A. excel A. no different from those with low self-esteem Fritz Heider analyzed what he called "common sense psychology"the ways in which people explain everyday events. . B. individual achievement and relationships. What is the difference between social psychology and sociology? D. we can't explain that bad things happen to good people, A. effort and fewer self doubts will help us succeed, A sense that one is competent and effective refers to one's: the false uniqueness effect. He wants to be the "cool dad" but fears that he will be a harsh disciplinarian like his father was. Researchers have called this misperception a false social reality, a form of pluralistic ignorance. D. undecided, _______ is defined as the beliefs about the self that organize and guide the processing of self-relevant information. Suppose that Greg and Marsha both apply for a prestigious scholarship program, and both get rejected. The teacher is probably trying to. A. excel. C. average redirect attention away from the unpleasant thought. C. focused on having positive relationships A. self-concept; self-schema The false uniqueness effect is the tendency of an individual to underestimate the extent to which other people share the same positive attitudes and behaviors. the difference between automatic and controlled thinking. This is an example of: The "correspondence bias" is another term that is used to refer to. That is, the smell of coconut oil __________ memories of your trip. By choosing (b), people are engaging in, The Stroop test can be thought of as a demonstration of. According to Harold Kelley's attribution theory, people are MOST likely to make internal attributions for others' behaviors when. However, some people who saw media reports on the hurricane victims did not understand this. A. failure and distance ourselves from success C. social rank Research shows that they tend to be more influenced by. C. self-esteem When researchers survey men and women about the number of sex partners they have had, they tend to find that men report far more partners than womenwhich would seem to be logically impossible. B. education they tend to ignore that information, or else the information sparks conscious thought about the topic at hand. she makes an internal attribution for the $2000 earning, but an external attribution for the $3000 loss. After that meeting, Elenita decides that Hispanics in general must be independent and outspoken. D. eventual self, According to Schwartz (2000; 2004), individualistic modern cultures have "an excess of freedom," which is positively correlated with: D. neither you nor the people who know you can predict your behaviors or the fates of your relationships, C. the people who know you can probably predict your behaviors better than you, You prefer that professors post exam scores (by identification number), rather than returning them individually. Recall the "Castro study" conducted by Jones and Harris. C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual, Greenberg (2008) argues that, to manage their fear of death and feel that their lives are not in vain, people seek to pursue self-esteem by meeting the standards of their society. Meanwhile, Jim thought the book was witty and provocative, and he seems to think that the reviewer shares HIS views. Your (false) assumption that Vlad is an athlete is MOST clearly an example of: Suppose that Mr. Yipol gives 100 students a reading exam. She rarely claims that she is unable to complete an assignment and is academically successful. Deindividuation involves loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in a group situation that fosters arousal and anonymity. A. The bystander effect is a social psychological phenomenon that refers to cases in which individuals do not offer any means of help to a victim when other people are present. D. self-schema. According to Harold Kelley's attribution theory, in determining what type of attribution to make for this event, one of the questions you are likely to ask yourself is: "Has Gus ever given me a 'bad check' before?" By choosing (b), however, most people are committing, As a child, the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy was once challenged by his older brother to remain standing in a corner until he could stop thinking of a white bear. Brian's thinking most clearly reflects A. the false uniqueness effect. C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual The so-called "self-serving bias" refers to the tendency for people to. C. high self-efficacy Define attitude and how it guides our behavior. He's afraid of being unemployed and alone. C. the right hemisphere Juanita's answer describes her: D. high; low. In Bargh, Chen, and Burrows (1996), participants who were in the rude priming condition were more likely to. The false consensus effect. D. other-centered, The extent to which we evaluate our abilities and opinions by comparing ourselves to others is called: C. positive self-esteem. Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Timothy D. Wilson, Religion - Rituals & Violence & Scriptures &, American Government U.S. Constitution study G. B. success and distance ourselves from failure Researchers have suggested that there are three main reasons why false consensus occurs: 3 . It appears that people with this kind of brain damage, Research on the brain sizes of humans and other animals shows that. B. the corpus collosum What the researchers found was that fans of the two teams literally "saw" different games; things that were deemed "out" by fans of one team, for example, were deemed "in" by fans of the other. The belief that people can control totally chance situations is the. A. self-esteem B. weak Which of the following best describes Jack's behavior? B. external B. we are more vulnerable to depression Infosys Interview Questions and Answers Infosys. C. individualists make comparisons with others to boost their self-esteem D. you can't change implicit attitudes once they are formed, Our sense of self-worth is also called our: Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Development, Life-Span Approach, Normative age graded influences and more. How does the mode of responding impact conformity? One of his disciples makes an internal attribution for the fall. If you assume it is because his car happened to break down right then and there, in the red zone, then you have made, The tendency for people to judge the frequency or likelihood of an event by the ease with which they can imagine or mentally visualize it is known as, A psychologist who performs research on social cognition would be MOST likely to study. D. self-serving bias. That is, it can be __________ in different ways. D. the self-handicapping effect. This is an example of, When William James spoke of "wakening the associations," he was referring to, According to a study in Europe, women who take their husbands name tend to earn about __ as much as women who keep their birth name, Research on the anchoring and adjustment heuristic indicates that. Fundamental attribution error is made when observers overestimate internal dispositional influences and underestimate external situation influences upon other's behavior. But Mr. Y thinks that George W. only became president because he was "in the right place at the right time," and had good luck. Who is likely to be more disappointed? C. poor self-esteem Add images, definitions, examples, synonyms, theories, and customize your content to . A. view others as superior D. it helps to buffer stress, B. it makes us feel less vulnerable to risks such as AIDS, Saying "I earned an A on my psychology test" versus "My instructor gave me a C on my psychology test" exemplifies how we associate ourselves with: It seems as though both Jules and Jim are "seeing" different things when reading the book review. B. you can predict the fate of your relationships but not your behaviors Even though there are not many astronauts in the world, you might immediately assume that this person is an astronaut just because he or she fits your image of what an astronaut is like. D. self-serving bias, Studies of "affective forecasting" required participants to predict their future: A. planning fallacy D. social contrast, You notice that your niece is unusually persistent when working on her homework. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Normative social influence is to seeking _____ as informational social influence is to seeking _____. They tend to guide our behavior when the attitudes are ones that we feel strongly about, when we are consciously aware of our attitudes, and when outside influences on our behavior are not strong. Business Driven Technology Quizlet. Question 20 The false uniqueness effect is: A. the anticipation of problems to motivate effective action. In that class, the teacher works with students to help them identify the criteria they use to make decisions, and points out how some of the criteria might not produce the desired outcomes. How does the "foot-in-the-door" compliance technique work? Social psychologists would say that Mr. X is making __________ attributions for Bush's success, while Mr. Y is making __________ attributions. C. peaks and then drops sharply the tendency to underestimate the extent to which others possess the same beliefs and attributes as oneself or engage in the same behaviors, particularly when these characteristics or behaviors are positive or socially desirable. However, researchers have also found that. Individuals tend to think that their attributes and traits are more uncommon and rare than they actually are. In technical terms, the False Uniqueness Effect is an attributional bias of self-perception and belongs to the social psychology domain. A. failing to appreciate B. the duration Which of the following is NOT an explanation for the fundamental attribution error? A. positively Giving priority to the goals of one's group, such as one's family or workplace, and defining one's identity accordingly is called: When we accommodate and adjust to personal injuries, romantic breakups, and exam failures, we cope more readily than we would expect. A. independent self What did the "Astroten" study demonstrate? You look at the restaurant listings in the newspaper and find one that is very expensive. We tend to think that others would agree with us or see things our way. )names which are in all cases written in "non-matching" colors of ink (e.g., the word "green" might be written in red ink, while the word "red" might be written in yellow ink)and to identify, as quickly as possible, the color in which each word is written. B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events. In part 1, be sure to name and define the effect you have chosen. . This thought is an example of, The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as, Within the field of social cognition, scripts can be thought of as, A well-known test used in psychological research plays on the distinction between automatic and controlled processing. D. the looking-glass self, Your self-esteem would correlate closely with what others think of you and your group if you were in a(n) ______ culture. C. worse about their appearance while speaking 16 ce tv But when the individuals were put in a group, the individuals conformed to the majority view/answer, which was clearly incorrect. C. the self-serving bias. external attributions, internal attributions. keep a lookout for anything that might remind them of the unwanted thought. The false-uniqueness effect is an attributional type of cognitive bias in social psychology that describes how people tend to view their qualities, traits, and personal attributes as unique when in reality they are not. B. self-handicapping With prices like that, we're bound to have a delicious meal!" The false uniqueness effect is. D. headlight effect, Greenberg (2008) argues that, to manage their fear of death and feel that their lives are not in vain, people seek to pursue self-esteem by meeting the standards of their society. Carmen's underestimation of how long it would take her to complete her paper is an example of: The Stroop test is a psychological test that highlights. Under the gamblers fallacy, the person would think that the next ou Purchasing New Cars come with a better Outcome B. we are all in this together Most psychology research has used middle-class White American respondents. The false consensus effect, the illusory correlation, and the first instinct fallacy are all examples of topics in __________ research. That is, when they think about "sleeping," related concepts are __________. D. slightly, Researchers reported a _______ correlation between persistence and self-efficacy. Montana has a great handfour aceswhile Sarah's hand is just averagea 2 of hearts, a 3 of spades, a 5 of spades, and a 7 of clubs. Thus, people tend to think that they see a lesbian-AIDS relationship when in fact there is no such relationship. C. the self-deprecating bias a stimulus that activates further processing of the same or related stimuli. D. the looking-glass self, The best way to improve your performance in class is to be _____ in the praise and _____ about your ability and performance. A. self-handicapping A. high self-esteem For example: Thinking that other people share your opinion on controversial topics; Overestimating the number of people who are similar to you; This bias is often measured by looking at the difference between estimates that people make about how many of their peers share a certain trait or behaviour and the actual . B. collectivistic This was early evidence of the phenomenon known as. B. pete A. high self-esteem I wouldn't have hit that stupid tree and ended up getting this huge ticket! -the false uniqueness effect-the "above average" effect-the false consensus effect. D. an internal locus control, Which part of the brain seems to be involved in maintaining our sense of self? In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, many people were stranded without access to food, shelter, or other resources. B. low self-control This pattern is known as, Reducing errors and biasing by getting people to use controlled rather than automatic processing is called, {"cdnAssetsUrl":"","site_dot_caption":"Cram.com","premium_user":false,"premium_set":false,"payreferer":"clone_set","payreferer_set_title":"PSY330 - Chapter 5","payreferer_url":"\/flashcards\/copy\/psy330-chapter-5-3854445","isGuest":true,"ga_id":"UA-272909-1","facebook":{"clientId":"363499237066029","version":"v12.0","language":"en_US"}}. . If you have a schema about graduate students, then. C. individuality Research indicates that __________ engage in counterfactual thinking; and that __________ engage in meta-cognition. Social facilitation is the tendency for people to perform differently when in the presence of others than when alone. D. variable (depending on if it is related to school or not), The truth concerning self-efficacy encourages us not to resign ourselves to bad situations. Identify the major coverages in the business auto coverage form. C. moderate D. internal locus of control; self-concept, In the U.S., those living in Hawaii and the deep South exhibit more _______ than those living in the Mountain West states. b. Giving priority to one's own goals over group goals, and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications is the definition of: the false uniqueness effect is quizlet dr thomas horn wikipedia. This is because many of them were extremely poor, did not own cars or phones, and did not have friends or family nearby; it was virtually impossible for them to evacuate the hurricane area when they heard the hurricane warnings. D. low self-efficacy, The sense of hopelessness and resignation learned when a human or animal perceives no control over repeated negative events is called: Sociology is the study of groups of people. Psychology questions and answers. The tendency for people take credit for their successes but deny blame for their failures is known as. A. attempt to control other aspects of their lives, such as how often they outside Chloe dyes her hair blue and goes to school. This misconception seems to arise from __________, since plane crash fatalities tend to be widely publicized and are therefore relatively easy for people to bring to mind. If you are a hot hand player, you will answer. D. nothing, there terms are synonymous, B. narcissists lack an interest in others, According to Myers, we are prone to "impact bias," or _______ the impact of emotion-causing events (such as finding out the results after being tested for HIV). D. an external locus of control, When you give a presentation in class and feel extremely nervous you will tend to Is the last flip more likely to be heads, more likely to be tails, or equally likely to be heads or tails? When confronted with his behavior he argues "Well, half the drivers in that lane are alone too." Attribution theory is MOST concerned with, The paradoxical effects of thought suppression have been linked to psychological disorders such as. This pattern can be attributed to statistical regression. B. family situation -believe many Mormons collect rare books. C. Most psychology research has been conducted on children from middle-income families. C. attempting to present a favorable image to an external audience Who will make the best prediction of how long her new relationship will last? The false-uniqueness effect is an attributional type of cognitive bias in social psychology that describes how people tend to view their qualities, traits, and personal attributes as unique when in reality they are not. This is very shocking to you. B. feared possible self Explain Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory. B. terror management theory B. low; low Many people don't quit smoking despite all the negative health information available. This test is known as. 8% of girls born in the United States in 2010 received one of the 10 most common names This future self-schema you imagine is an example of a/an: In pronouncement of 18, the fallacy in this statement has too many questions. A. effort and fewer self doubts will help us succeed A. self-handicapping C. raise the standards by which we evaluate our own attainments -men and women seem to use different techniques to count sex partners, and seem to define "sex" slightly differently. B. feared self If you think a person is uncooperative, you may act in an uncooperative way in your interactions with the person. Andrew's belief demonstrates: Images of what we dream of or dread becoming in the future are called our: According to the self-serving bias, we tend to attribute our successes to _______ and our losses to _______. Even though stomach cancer kills more people than plane crashes do, most people tend to assume that plane crashes cause more deaths. The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as the conjunction fallacy. C. attempting to present a favorable image to an external audience. C. low; high How does the fundamental attribution error (FAE) differ from the actor-observer effect (AOE)? counterfactual thinking. B. terror management theory One explanation for the false consensus effect is that people use their own attitudes and behaviors as "anchors" for predicting others' attitudes and behaviors. It can also skew the way we predict how people make decisions or judge a certain situation. In a famous early study in social psychology, fans of two rival football teams were asked to watch footage of an actual game that was very close. Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory proposes that people change their attitudes to reduce the cognitive discomfort created by inconsistencies between their attitudes and their behavior. a person thinks they are overly special for being talented or performing a . These shortcuts are known as. Benjamin would likely receive a high score on a scale measuring: Working out daily will help you maintain good health. This relates to the diffusion of responsibility, because no one person had the full responsibility to help. What are the three types of social influence in regards to conformity? Also, participants were told either (a) that the essay-writer got to choose which side to take (pro- or anti-), or (b) that the essay-writer was ASSIGNED to one side or the other. This student is the only Hispanic person she has ever known. Confusion over why someone treats you in a particular way is called a. emotional climate b. expectancy effect attributional ambiguity d. self-fulfilling prophecy 14. magical thinking. This also makes you think about all of the fun and crazy things you did on your trip. How does the "low-ball" compliance technique work? . Raquel buys stock in two different companies. D. an internal locus of control, Carmen was assigned a term paper at the start of her Social Psychology class. A. low self-esteem Obedience to authority is ingrained in us all from the way we are brought up. These findings are consistent with a motivational interpretation that emphasizes the individual's need to justify or normalize stigmatized behavior and to bolster perceived self-competence.