White Violence- southerners could deal better than the north Sharecroppers typically did not have enough good farmland or time to tend to it. %PDF-1.5 % Why was the former Confederacy divided into military districts by the federal government? He told the southern states to reject it. African American males would not have the right to vote until the Fourteenth Amendment was passed. On September 111, 193919391939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland. Demonstrate their ability to navigate through a statistical map interactive. The thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendment were created during the twelve years of rebuilding the country. 436 0 obj <>stream There was no profit for workers. Which class in the New South had recovered political power from the carpetbaggers? Why was the election of 1876 called the Disputed Election? This amendment prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" (slavery). Who were its members? a white Southerner who collaborated with northern Republicans during Reconstruction, often for personal profit. HUKo0WhUK( It required a majority of voters in each Confederate state to swear their allegiance to the US before rejoining the Union, It prohibited Confederate officials and military leaders from voting or holding office. ISAISIP TAYAHIN Aling isyu na may kinalaman sa paggalang sa buhay ng tao ang tumutukoy A. Ipakita ang iyong pagkaunawa sa ma konseptong tinatalakay sa pamamagitan paglalaglag sa sanggol mula sa. Based on the documents reviewed in this lesson, list some of the leading and competing political interests in the South as Reconstruction was drawing to a close. Southern Democrats who packed their bags and fled to the West and North to escape the progressive aims of Radical Reconstruction. 9RR}yswNQZ8][1FM_+ Essentially repudiating the 1857 Dred Scott decision, the amendment clearly states that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. It provides for due process and equal protection under the law. WebEvaluating Reconstruction As the Civil War was drawing to a close in 1865, President Lincoln began making plans for the physical, economic, social and political rehabilitation of a region WebWhat is Reconstruction? What did the 15th Amendment accomplish ? blacks could vote and hold office. Chapter 4.4: Reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet It required that 50 percent of a state's voters take the oath of allegiance and demanded stronger safeguards for emancipation than Lincoln's as the price of readmission. The new state legislatures adopted socalled black codes to keep the newly freed African Americans, or freedmen, in their place. Farmers would collude to drive up prices of certain crops. Georgia, along with Mississippi, Texas, and Virginia, had to satisfy an additional condition: ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which prohibited the states from denying a citizen the right to vote because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Why Did Reconstruction Come to an End? Reconstruction came to an end as a direct result of too many Southerners opposing the reconstruction. Compose a two-page essay explaining the ways in which the effects of Reconstruction may continue to affect our politics today. 'B!Kck#'=kimtfqqT~>(i{w-[V] The teacher may also wish to visit the two EDSITEment-reviewed websites mentioned above for additional background material concerning reconstruction: America's Reconstruction: People and Politics After the Civil War and Freedmen and Southern Society Project: Chronology of Emancipation. Following the presentations, the teacher may also wish to lead the class in a discussion of the methodology of this activity, asking students to examine the ways in which maps, pictures, and original documents expanded their understanding of the topic. The First Reconstruction Act (March 1867) invalidated the state governments established under Johnson's policies (except the government of Tennessee, which had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment) and divided the former Confederacy into five military districts. Voter fatigue- northerners were tired of worrying about it and hearing about it. Reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet What paragraph clues help you determine the possible meaning of the word? WebReconstruction refers to the period 1) the period before the Civil War 2) the period after the Civil War 3) the era of civil rights movement 4) the era after the Revolutionary War 2. the WebThe Reconstruction period lasted from 1865 to 1877. Gp}1:qr +sWg" ^8u1k^l2GPt%,}cAZwf? kcP`?=xI87eC{+Fj*?ya Congress passed the Thirteenth Amendment in January 1865, formally outlawing slavery in the United States. The Aftermath of Reconstruction Nursing care plan about Risk for fetal injury related to shoulder dystocia? He believed the South should not be welcomed back into the Union, He believed the Southern states should have to recognize equal rights for African Americans before being welcomed back into the Union, He insisted that a majority of Southern citizens take an oath of loyalty before the South could be welcomed back into the Union. 2. first hand documnets or eye witness accounts from this time. from your Reading List will also remove any Borrowed what they needed on credit from the owner, it was a bad because the farmer always owed more money than they made on the farm, leaving them stuck in this system. Evaluating Reconstruction - Central/Southern Tier RAEN WebThe Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that Maintaining a visible and active presence of Union troops in the South to facilitate the peaceful operation of government and Reconstruction was expensive and frustrating to many in Congress. there was corruption, but no more in the South than the North and no more than usual in the gov't, but Democrats kept this myth alive to keep power. It forbade any state to deny any citizen the right to vote because of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude", Northerners who went south in search for profits; Southners who supported the Republican governments in the South. This condition was inevitable given the disqualification of many of the regions most experienced and able government officials because of their disfranchisement for participation in the late rebellion. Historically, scholars have defined Reconstruction as having lasted from 1865 (the end of the American Civil War) until 1877, when a political compromise between the Republican and Democrat parties allowed for Republican Rutherford B. Hayes to become President of the United States on the condition that the last remaining federal troops in the South be removed. They were seen as Yankees that were trying to take over the southern states' governments. Evaluating Reconstruction .docx - Course Hero Exclusion of the last group reflected Johnson's hatred of the planter aristocracy rather than some condition that had to do with restoring the former Confederate states. Did it accomplish anything? What segregated (separated) blacks & whites after Reconstruction. The speeches backfired. wF.*is5oGYqUTsaqrY)$y, "beVv1=;"urk{k"56#UEli[EB9}qJ=YY@jOU{[89K,2M`` How would you evaluate corruption in the Reconstruction legislatures? ;R5p c-Ncc:ey].Ai4d1]'M-azo!/,'Kx5,:aC;C .Qhg Sharecropping. A Short Overview of the Reconstruction Era and Ulysses S. Grant's vague-treason, bribery, or other high crimes or misdemeanors. It also made it difficult to enforce Republican plans for Reconstruction or the 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution. Students will be organized into five small groups, each of which will be assigned a document and a set of worksheet questions. Johnson versus Congress. Reconstruction strategy that was based on severely punishing South for causing war. endstream endobj startxref Another useful resource is the Educator Resourcesof the National Archives, which features a set of Document Analysis Worksheets. Also, this page requires javascript. Segregation was ruled unconstitutional and all Jim Crow laws had to be immediately repealed. Locate the vocabulary word gesticulation in the text. WebQuestion 1 What was the primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? Turn in their completed worksheets from Activities 1 and 2 for a grade. To provide African Americans access to government services, To desegregate Southern society and institutions, To restrict the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force, To repeal the slave codes that were in place before the war. All of the amendments were made to protect former slaves and their rights but on paper they did not have any rights. Granted citizenship, due process, and equal protection under the law. Economic Growth and Development 18151860, Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends. Southern States had to approve the 13Amendment 2) Southern states had to nullify seceding from the union. Federal troops were removed from the Southern states and the Democratic majority was entrusted to protect and enforce the rights of African Americans. Many Southerners were scared of rebellion. Johnson appointed provisional governors and authorized them to set up state conventions, which in turn were charged with declaring secession illegal; repudiating Confederate debts; ratifying the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the United States; and scheduling elections. At the end of this lesson, each student should demonstrate his or her proficiency by doing one of the following: 1. How did John Wilkes Booth affect Reconstruction? Many went to work in the mills. Congress enacted its Reconstruction program over Johnson's veto. The Ku Klux Klan was a secretive, racist organization who used violence and fear to intimidate freedmen and whites that supported freedmen. Take sample from your personal experience. Required 50% of southern white men to swear allegiance of the union and accept the end of slavery. Following Lincoln's assassination, the task of implementing Reconstruction fell to his vice president, Andrew Johnson. C04I!q^Q);i])G~H.HdRYBBYRi8,i 7P.,NPI f[=v5GS!Q"+x ml\8fzp +l~xZ0&>@U 8!.VUY[ ~A>}et!F2zfJ(9)29v^A4bk`=Nv^OhGEypb6u;Cj=:Ywq1wb)t+BlL;b[n[QO[*+*+!U$w q'YA*O$_gk.0 l4 Stanton was suspended in August 1867 and replaced with Grant as an interim. What problems were faced by the freed slaves? hVKo@+{l>[" mD1j*E9Uvwf]R0p#\hXbX@" kB" z5:w[*aUwiD2[Av4ft?eSdMN'Vm'yl9/fh-5E"$tXM_=?)[1ZX&/rW-]gK@0Xmzf7+U-"jE1ENM|:2!US.N,'(g({e]a]X`6K(R(:eFF| hwAocF@s00Zm/~;?VJoI(s` }L 6k'pU]sT@VY&Cv; XH8FgCL=rM5Ax6Kv$8u#+8>&`v ? To help African Americans, particularly those who had been enslaved, adjust to life with increased rights and responsibilities, To ensure that white voters supported anti-slavery laws and policies. Only in South Carolina. It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been recalled from the South. At the end of the day, what did it mean to be an American, and whose rights were deserving of the full protection of the U.S. government? What was the Freedmen's Bureau? HUn0+(cj , @X! evaluating the reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet endstream endobj 418 0 obj <>stream The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. Grandfather clauses gave citizens the right to vote if their grandfathers had been able to vote in elections prior to Reconstruction. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional (Radical Republican), and then Military control (Military Reconstruction Act - South broken down into 5 military districts), Communication des organisations - section 3, Lincoln's vs. Johnson's Plans for Reconstruct, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Civil War, Reconstruction and Old West Review. y@bi(^k^izu#(fN@)Z4x[wN)Gd\JvWma:M;:*BL5;Sh`2lM^YQ2k(!W7.W)J0>krA"eXk+n R/B.zuu7' ]apJ|_wv^k| +^|B`:H$wlEnT*8@0vX{[rm6FoN,iE?FF/mh@u'Q{$]pJn07a8Y9U-A/, S7GYjkQUKC2"qxLa=23P21 |0Cm)r PS)et%.H e' no, although many blacks stopped participating. To the north, it looked like slavery in a new form. And Black Americans continued to face acts of organized intimidation, mob violence, and murder because of their race. The states were put under the control of military commanders until they ratified the Fourteenth Amendment and rebuilt their state governments. Established in March 1865, the Bureau had provided blacks in the South with material assistance, schools, and guidance in settling on abandoned land. Who did the Fifteenth Amendment formally grant the right to vote in 1870? These research assistants will evaluate a series of documents (which in this activity will substitute for live interviews) representing a variety of views concerning the direction of Reconstruction policy regarding voting rights and the impact these views had or should have had on the politics of the nation. A Democrat and the only senator from the South who remained loyal to the Union, Johnson at first seemed ready to take a hard line against the former Confederacy. Johnson deliberately removed himself from the decisions involving Reconstruction. WebWhat is Reconstruction? They were more familiar with the places where most battles occured. The documents listed above in conjunction with an examination of the painting could be used to spark an in-class discussion of the difficulties facing the South as it moved from one kind of social structure to a new, more American, way of life. Which plan was the hardest on the South? Compose and turn in for a grade a 2-4 page brief for the historian in Activity 2 that more fully evaluates the views presented in the document covered by his or her group. WebActivity #2: Evaluating ReconstructionThe Fourteenth Amendment Directions: It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been The EDSITEment-reviewed sites Digital History and Documenting the American South offer a wide variety of documents concerning the effects of Reconstruction on the newly freed black population and Southern society, in general. Ulysses S. Grant was confronted with these momentous questions upon his election to the presidency in 1868. endstream endobj 415 0 obj <>/Metadata 42 0 R/OCProperties<>/OCGs[423 0 R]>>/Outlines 67 0 R/PageLabels 408 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 410 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/StructTreeRoot 70 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 416 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC/ImageI]/Properties<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 417 0 obj <>stream In addition, the teacher should review the interactive maps included as part of this lesson and download the Text Document for Activity 1 and the Text Document for Activity 2, which will include all needed source material and worksheets. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like sharecropping, Freedman's Bureau, Wade-Davis Plan and more. TQSCQIf@*$ What was the "Swing 'Round the Circle"? What are the Constitutional Grounds for impeachment? Which of the following describes the African American experience in the Reconstruction-Era South? Who was the Republican leader in the House? 5. The citizens of the South had to take an oath of loyalty, and once 10% of the state had taken the oath the state could rejoin the Union. These groups will take on the role of special investigative committees reporting to a Congressional committee examining the effects of Reconstruction. As a result, these farmers remained in a form of economic bondage, tied to the landowner with no foreseeable way of making enough personal profit to become independent. (southern Democrats). WebEvaluating Reconstruction from Multiple Perspectives Introduction The 10 year period after the Civil War is known as the Reconstruction Era. In 1865 President Andrew Johnson implemented a plan of Reconstruction that gave the white South a free hand in regulating the transition from slavery to freedom and offered no role to blacks in the politics of the South. Upon taking office, Grant hoped to build upon the previously established framework by championing the 15th Amendment to enhance, protect, and guarantee black male voting rights nationwide. B 9. Much of the South lay in ruins with In the South, the failure of Republican state governments to make serious inroads on the politics of the region led to a weakening resolve to protect the civil and political rights of freedmen. Southern voters also elected to Congress highranking Confederate officials and officers, some of whom had not received one of the thirteen thousand pardons Johnson issued during the summer of 1865. The Radical. The impact of scandal on the national political debate was real. Equally important, the concept of "civil rights" was established during this period. Although the Lost Cause narrative argued that Grant's presidency had been a complete failure, more recent scholarship has attempted to reevaluate his legacy in a more balanced manner, highlighting both the accomplishments and shortcomings of his eight years in office. @{/rd;G[F|!-DStuux2g>w2q}g=,~1tMEDuMz@hN hZy\L 3!--[D)aC., The end of the war brought with it much devastation and, of course, those who knew how to turn devastation into opportunity. The amendment also denies to anyone who had participated in rebellion against the United States or had given aid and comfort to those in rebellion the right to hold any national or state office, an exclusion intended to undercut Johnson's pardon policy and protect the rights of blacks, particularly those of former slaves and particularly their right to vote. What legal loopholes did Southerners create to resist African American equality? Despite the passage of progressive new laws, racist attitudes prevented open access to employment, education, voting, and protection against violence. What synonym clue shows up in the next paragraph?